THE TYLER COLLECTION

Alexander, Gregory S. (Fellow 2004)
Law
The Global Debate Over Constitutional Property: Lessons for American Takings Jurisprudence
University of Chicago Press, 2006.
Countries around the world are heatedly debating whether property should be a constitutional right. But American lawyers have largely ignored this debate, which is divided into two clear camps: those who believe making property a constitutional right undermines democracy by fostering inequality, and those who believe it provides the security necessary to make democracy possible. In The Global Debate over Constitutional Property, Gregory Alexander recasts this discussion, arguing that both sides overlook a key problem: that constitutional protection, or lack thereof, has little bearing on how a society actually treats property. A society’s traditions and culture, Alexander argues, have a much greater effect on property rights. Laws must aim, then, to change cultural ideas of property, rather than deem whether one has the right to own it. Ultimately, Alexander builds a strong case for improving American takings law by borrowing features from the laws of other countries—particularly those laws based on the idea that owning property not only confers rights, but also entails responsibilities to society as a whole.

Banks, James A. (Fellow 2006)
Education
Race, Culture, and Education: The Selected Works of James A. Banks
Routledge, 2006.
Considered the father of multicultural education in the US and known throughout the world as one of the field’s most important founders, theorists, and researchers, James A. Banks has here collected twenty-one of his most important and best works from across the span of his career. Drawing out the major themes that have shaped the field of multicultural education as well as outlining the development of Banks’ own career, these articles, chapter and papers focus on eight key issues: * black Studies and the teaching of history * research and research issues * teaching ethnic studies * teaching social studies for decision-making and citizen action * multiethnic education and school reform * multicultural education and knowledge construction * the global dimensions of multicultural education * democracy, diversity, and citizenship education. The last part of the book consists of a selected bibliography of all Banks’ publications over his forty year career, as a source of further reading on each of these pivotal ideas.

Bell, Daniel A. (Fellow 2004)
Political Science
Beyond Liberal Democracy: Political Thinking for an East Asian Context
Princeton University Press, 2006.
Is liberal democracy appropriate for East Asia? In this provocative book, Daniel Bell argues for morally legitimate alternatives to Western-style liberal democracy in the region. Beyond Liberal Democracy, which continues the author's influential earlier work, is divided into three parts that correspond to the three main hallmarks of liberal democracy-human rights, democracy, and capitalism. These features have been modified substantially during their transmission to East Asian societies that have been shaped by nonliberal practices and values. Bell points to the dangers of implementing Western-style models and proposes alternative justifications and practices that may be more appropriate for East Asian societies. If human rights, democracy, and capitalism are to take root and produce beneficial outcomes in East Asia, Bell argues, they must be adjusted to contemporary East Asian political and economic realities and to the values of nonliberal East Asian political traditions such as Confucianism and Legalism. Local knowledge is therefore essential for realistic and morally informed contributions to debates on political reform in the region, as well as for mutual learning and enrichment of political theories. Beyond Liberal Democracy is indispensable reading for students and scholars of political theory, Asian studies, and human rights, as well as anyone concerned about China's political and economic future and how Western governments and organizations should engage with China.

Bender, Thomas (Fellow 2006)
History
A Nation among Nations: America's Place in World History
Hill and Wang, 2006.
A provocative new book that shows us why we must put American history firmly in a global context--from 1492 to today Americans like to tell their country’s story as if the United States were naturally autonomous and self-sufficient, with characters, ideas, and situations unique to itself. Thomas Bender asks us to rethink this “exceptionalism” and to reconsider the conventional narrative. He proposes that America has grappled with circumstances, doctrines, new developments, and events that other nations, too, have faced, and that we can only benefit from recognizing this. Bender’s exciting argument begins with the discovery of the Americas at a time when peoples everywhere first felt the transforming effects of oceanic travel and trade. He then reconsiders our founding Revolution, occurring in an age of rebellion on many continents; the Civil War, happening when many countries were redefining their core beliefs about the nature of freedom and the meaning of nationhood; and the later imperialism that pitted the United States against Germany, Spain, France, and England. Industrialism and urbanization, laissez-faire economics, capitalism and socialism, and new technologies are other factors that Bender views in the light of global developments. A Nation Among Nations is a passionate, persuasive book that makes clear what damage is done when we let the old view of America alone in the world falsify our history. Bender boldly challenges us to think beyond our borders.

Ericsson, K. Anders  (Fellow 2003)
Psychology
The Cambridge Handbook of Expertise and Expert Performance
Cambridge University Press, 2006.
This is the first handbook where the world's foremost 'experts on expertise' review our scientific knowledge on expertise and expert performance and how experts may differ from non-experts in terms of their development, training, reasoning, knowledge, social support, and innate talent. Methods are described for the study of experts' knowledge and their performance of representative tasks from their domain of expertise. The development of expertise is also studied by retrospective interviews and the daily lives of experts are studied with diaries. In 15 major domains of expertise, the leading researchers summarize our knowledge on the structure and acquisition of expert skill and knowledge and discuss future prospects. General issues that cut across most domains are reviewed in chapters on various aspects of expertise such as general and practical intelligence, differences in brain activity, self-regulated learning, deliberate practice, aging, knowledge management, and creativity.

Goldberg, Adele E. (Fellow 2004)
Linguistics
Constructions at Work: The Nature of Generalization in Language
Oxford University Press, 2006.
This book investigates the nature of generalization in language and examines how language is known by adults and acquired by children. It looks at how and why constructions are learned, the relation between their forms and functions, and how cross-linguistic and language-internal generalizations about them can be explained. Constructions at Work is divided into three parts: in the first Professor Goldberg provides an overview of constructionist approaches, including the constructionist approach to argument structure, and argues for a usage-based model of grammar. In Part II she addresses issues concerning how generalizations are constrained and constructional generalizations are learned. In Part III the author shows that a combination of function and processing accounts for a wide range of language-internal and cross-linguistic generalizations. She then considers the degree to which the function of constructions explains their distribution and examines cross-linguistic tendencies in argument realization. She demonstrates that pragmatic and cognitive processes account for the data without appeal to stipulations that are language-specific. This book is an important contribution to the study of how language operates in the mind and in the world and how these operations relate. It is of central interest for scholars and graduate-level students in all branches of theoretical linguistics and psycholinguistics. It will also appeal to cognitive scientists and philosophers concerned with language and its acquisition.

Hauser, Stuart T. (Fellow 1994)
Psychiatry
Out of the Woods: Tales of Resilient Teens
Harvard University Press, 2006.
Seventy deeply troubled teenagers spend weeks, months, even years on a locked psychiatric ward. They're not just failing in school, not just using drugs. They are out of control--violent or suicidal, in trouble with the law, unpredictable, and dangerous. Their futures are at risk. Twenty years later, most of them still struggle. But astonishingly, a handful are thriving. They're off drugs and on the right side of the law. They've finished school and hold jobs that matter to them. They have close friends and are responsible, loving parents. What happened? How did some kids stumble out of the woods while others remain lost? Could their strikingly different futures have been predicted back during their teenage struggles? The kids provide the answers in a series of interviews that began during their hospitalizations and ended years later. Even in the early days, the resilient kids had a grasp of how they contributed to their own troubles. They tried to make sense of their experience and they groped toward an understanding of other people's inner lives. In their own impatient voices, Out of the Woods portrays edgy teenagers developing into thoughtful, responsible adults. Listening in on interviews through the years, narratives that are often poignant, sometimes dramatic, frequently funny, we hear the kids growing into more composed--yet always recognizable--versions of their tough and feisty selves.

Hill, Jane H. (Fellow 2004)
Anthropology
A Grammar of Cupeño
University of California Press, 2006.
In one of the most thorough studies ever prepared of a California language, Hill’s grammar reviews the phonology, morphology, syntax and discourse features of Cupeño, a Uto-Aztecan (takic) language of California. Cupeño exhibits many unusual typological features, including split ergativity, that require linguists to revise our understanding of the development of the Uto-Aztecan family of languages in historical and areal perspective.

Kendler, Kenneth (Fellow 2004) and Carol A. Prescott
Psychiatry
Genes, Environment, and Psychopathology: Understanding the Causes of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders
Guilford Press, 2006.
This groundbreaking volume synthesizes the results of the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders, which yielded longitudinal data on more than 9,000 individuals. The authors trace how risk for depression, anxiety, eating disorders, antisocial behavior, alcoholism, and substance abuse emerges from the interplay of a variety of genetic and environmental influences. Major questions addressed include whether risk is disorder-specific, how to distinguish between correlational and causal genetic and environmental factors, sex differences in risk, and how risk and protective factors interact over time. The book also summarizes the conceptual underpinnings of the study and describes key methodological challenges and innovations.

Keohane, Nannerl (Fellow 1979, 1988, 2005)
Political Science
Higher Ground: Ethics and Leadership in the Modern University
Duke University Press, 2006.
Nannerl O. Keohane is one of the most respected leaders in higher education. A political theorist who served as President of Wellesley College and Duke University, she has firsthand knowledge of the challenges facing modern universities: rising costs, the temptations of “corporatization,” consumerist students, nomadic faculty members, and a bewildering wave of new technologies. Her views on these issues and on the role and future of higher education are captured in Higher Ground, a collection of speeches and essays she wrote over a twenty-year period. Keohane regards colleges and universities as intergenerational partnerships in learning and discovery, whose compelling purposes include not only teaching and research but also service to society. Their mission is to equip students with a moral education, not simply a preparation for career or professional school. But this era has presented universities and their leadership with unprecedented new challenges. Keohane worries about access to education in a world of rising costs and increasing economic inequality. She expresses concern about threats to academic freedom and appropriate expressions of opinion on campus. She considers diversity as a key educational tool in our increasingly pluralistic campuses, ponders the impact of information technologies on the university’s core mission, and explores the related challenges of becoming more “global” institutions, serving far-flung constituencies while at the same time contributing to the cities and towns that are universities’ institutional homes. Reflecting on the role of contemporary university leaders, Keohane asserts that while they have many problems to grapple with, they will find creative ways of dealing with them, just as their predecessors have.

MacKinnon, Catharine A. (Fellow 2006)
Law
Are Women Human?: And Other International Dialogues
Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2006.
More than half a century after the Universal Declaration of Human Rights defined what a human being is and is entitled to, Catharine MacKinnon asks: Are women human yet? If women were regarded as human, would they be sold into sexual slavery worldwide; veiled, silenced, and imprisoned in homes; bred, and worked as menials for little or no pay; stoned for sex outside marriage or burned within it; mutilated genitally, impoverished economically, and mired in illiteracy--all as a matter of course and without effective recourse? The cutting edge is where law and culture hurts, which is where MacKinnon operates in these essays on the transnational status and treatment of women. Taking her gendered critique of the state to the international plane, ranging widely intellectually and concretely, she exposes the consequences and significance of the systematic maltreatment of women and its systemic condonation. And she points toward fresh ways--social, legal, and political--of targeting its toxic orthodoxies. MacKinnon takes us inside the workings of nation-states, where the oppression of women defines community life and distributes power in society and government. She takes us to Bosnia- Herzogovina for a harrowing look at how the wholesale rape and murder of women and girls there was an act of genocide, not a side effect of war. She takes us into the heart of the international law of conflict to ask--and reveal--why the international community can rally against terrorists' violence, but not against violence against women. A critique of the transnational status quo that also envisions the transforming possibilities of human rights, this bracing book makes us look as never before at an ongoing war too long undeclared.

Maultsby, Portia K. (Fellow 2000) and Mellonee V. Burnim
Ethnomusicology
African American Music: An Introduction
Routledge, 2006.
African American Music: An Introduction is a collection of thirty essays by leading scholars which survey major African American musical genres, both sacred and secular, from slavery to the present. It is the most comprehensive study of African American music currently available, with sixteen essays on major genres of African American music, as well as lengthy sections of the music industry, gender and music as resistance. The work brings together, in a single volume, treatments of African American music that have existed largely independent of each other. The research is based in large part on ethnographic fieldwork, which privileges the voices of the music-makers themselves, while interpreting their narratives through a richly textured mosaic of history and culture. The book is replete with references to seminal recordings and recording artists, musical transcriptions, photographs, and illustrations that bring the music to life as expressions of human beings. At the same time, it includes the kind of musical specificity that brings clarity to the structural, melodic, and rhythmic characteristics that both distinguish and unify the music of African Americans.

Mutz, Diana Carole (Fellow 2000)
Political Science
Hearing the Other Side: Deliberative versus Participatory Democracy
Cambridge University Press, 2006.
'Religion and politics', as the old saying goes, 'should never be discussed in mixed company.' And yet fostering discussions that cross lines of political difference has long been a central concern of political theorists. More recently, it has also become a cause célèbre for pundits and civic-minded citizens wanting to improve the health of American democracy. But only recently have scholars begun empirical investigations of where and with what consequences people interact with those whose political views differ from their own. Hearing the Other Side examines this theme in the context of the contemporary United States. It is unique in its effort to link political theory with empirical research. Drawing on her empirical work, Mutz suggests that it is doubtful that an extremely activist political culture can also be a heavily deliberative one.

Nagar, Richa (Fellow 2006)
Women's Studies
Playing with Fire: Feminist Thought and Activism through Seven Lives in India
University of Minnesota Press, 2006.
Seven voices contribute to this rare glimpse of the work being done on the front lines of the fight for social change in India. Playing with Fire is written in the collective voice of women employed by a large NGO as activists in their communities and is based on diaries, interviews, and conversations among them. Together their personal stories reveal larger themes and questions of sexism, casteism, and communalism, and a startling picture emerges of how NGOs both nourish and stifle local struggles for solidarity. The Hindi edition of the book, Sangtin Yatra, published in 2004, created controversy that resulted in backlash against the authors by their employer. The publication also drew support for the women and instigated a public conversation about the issues exposed in the book. Here, Richa Nagar addresses the dispute in the context of the politics of NGOs and feminist theory, articulating how development ideology employed by aid organizations serves to reinforce the domination of those it claims to help. The Sangtin Writers, Anupamlata, Ramsheela, Reshma Ansari, Richa Singh, Shashibala, Shashi Vaish, Surbala, and Vibha Bajpayee, are grassroots activists and members of a small organization called Sangtin in Uttar Pradesh, India. Richa Nagar teaches women’s studies at the University of Minnesota.

Peters, Stanley (Fellow 1982 & 2004) & Dag Westerstahl
Linguistics
Quantifiers in Language and Logic
Oxford University Press, 2006
Quantifiers in Language and Logic is intended for everyone with a scholarly interest in the exact treatment of meaning. It presents a broad view of the semantics and logic of quantifier expressions in natural languages and, to a slightly lesser extent, in logical languages. The authors progress carefully from a fairly elementary level to considerable depth over the course of sixteen chapters; their book will be invaluable to a wide spectrum of readers, from those with a basic knowledge of linguistic semantics and of first-order logic to those with advanced knowledge of semantics, logic, philosophy of language, and knowledge representation in artificial intelligence.

Saxonhouse, Arlene W. (Fellow 1996 & 2000)
Political Science
Free Speech and Democracy in Ancient Athens
Cambridge University Press, 2006.
Free speech in the ancient democracy was not a protected right but an expression of the freedom from hierarchy, awe, reverence and shame. That freedom was challenged by the consequences of the rejection of shame (aidos) which had served as a cohesive force within the polity. Through readings of Socrates's trial, Greek tragedy and comedy, Thucydides's History, and Plato's Protagoras, this volume explores the paradoxical connections between free speech, democracy, shame, and Socratic philosophy and Thucydidean history.

Spitz, Ellen Handler (Fellow 1997)
Art
The Brightening Glance: Imagination and Childhood
Pantheon Books, 2006.
In this original, richly illuminating study of the aesthetic development of children in their primary learning years, Ellen Handler Spitz returns us to the vibrant experience of childhood to explain how the imagination emerges and develops. She looks at how children feel, sense, and relate to what is around them, and she examines the unlimited imaginative dimensions of their everyday experiences. Spitz makes clear that in a young child’s mind there are no distinctions between art and nature, between reality and make-believe: every encounter—looking at a blade of grass, watching Bambi, decorating a bedroom—is experienced in both a child’s private world and a domain of shared adventure. By exploring the sensory, perceptual, and imaginative lives of children, Spitz shows how this aesthetic growth intersects with emotional development and how, by carefully observing what holds their attention, we can not only promote children’s growth but also learn from them, rediscovering our own world through their wide-open eyes.

Stone, David R. (Fellow 2006)
History
A Military History of Russia: From Ivan the Terrible to the War in Chechnya
Praeger, 2006.
Stone traces Russia's fascinating military history, and its long struggle to master Western military technology without Western social and political institutions. It covers the military dimensions of the emergence of Muscovy, the disastrous reign of Ivan the Terrible, and the subsequent creation of the new Romanov dynasty. It deals with Russia's emergence as a great power under Peter the Great and culminating in the defeat of Napoleon. After that triumph, the book argues, Russia's social and economic stagnation undermined its enormous military power and brought catastrophic defeat in the Crimean War. The book then covers imperial Russia's long struggle to reform its military machine, with mixed results in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. The Russian Revolution created a new Soviet Russia, but this book shows the continuity across that divide. The Soviet Union's interwar innovations and its harrowing experience in World War II owed much to imperial Russian precedents. A superpower after the war, the Soviet Union's military might was purchased at the expense of continuing economic backwardness. Paradoxically, the very militarization intended to provide security instead destroyed the Soviet Union, leaving a new Russia behind the West economically. Just as there was a great deal of continuity after 1917, this book demonstrates how the new Russian military has inherited many of its current problems from its Soviet predecessor. The price that Russia has paid for its continued existence as a great power, therefore, is the overwhelming militarization of its society and economy, a situation it continues to struggle with.

Turner, Mark (Fellow 1995 & 2002)
EngCompLit
The Artful Mind: Cognitive Science and the Riddle of Human Creativity
Oxford University Press, 2006.

Blazer, Dan G. (Fellow 2003)
Psychiatry
The Age of Melancholy: "Major Depression" and its Social Origins
Brunner-Routledge, 2005.
In The Age of Melancholy, noted psychiatrist and author Dan Blazer ponders why -- if our biological makeup has not fundamentally changed in the last half-century -- we are suddenly depressed on an epidemic scale? He does not have to look far to find answers in the breakneck pace of 21st century life, in our societal pressures, in our intrusive work spaces, and in our disjointed relationships. And yet, despite many seemingly obvious links between our environment and our mental health, contemporary psychiatry is dependent on biomedical treatments for patients who are viewed as solitary individuals, each with independent factors causing depression. The increasing emphasis on the biological sciences and simultaneous loss of interest in related social sciences have put up blinders and impeded progress toward our understanding and treatment of major depression. In this eloquent and wide-ranging treatise, Dan Blazer calls for a revival of social psychiatry, which, complementing and completing medical and clinical research, could provide powerful insights into the causes, prevention, and treatment of depression.

DeMaria, Robert Jr. (Ed.) (Fellow 1993) and Gwin J. Kolb (Ed.)
EngCompLit
Samuel Johnson
Johnson on the English language
Yale University Press, 2005.
This volume collects the most important statements on the English language by Samuel Johnson, one of its greatest expositors and speakers. The book includes scholarly, fully annotated editions of Johnson’s main writings on the history, structure, and cultural importance of the English language as well as his reflections on lexicography. These texts represent Johnson’s thinking as he undertook and completed the major work of his life, the colossal Dictionary of the English Language. The editors set Johnson’s writings on the English language in historical context and provide the fullest possible account of their composition. Among the works presented in the volume are Johnson’s Plan of a Dictionary of the English Language and the Preface to the Dictionary, both of which are counted among his finest works of prose.

Franklin, John Hope (Fellow 1974)
History
Mirror to America: The Autobiography of John Hope Franklin
Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.
John Hope Franklin lived through America's most defining twentieth-century transformation, the dismantling of legally-protected racial segregation. A renowned scholar, he has explored that transformation in its myriad aspects, notably in his 3.5 million-copy bestseller, From Slavery to Freedom. And he was, and remains, an active participant. Born in 1915, he, like every other African American, could not but participate: he was evicted from whites-only train cars, confined to segregated schools, threatened-once with lynching-and consistently met with racism's denigration of his humanity. And yet he managed to receive a Ph.D. from Harvard, become the first black historian to assume a full-professorship at a white institution, Brooklyn College, be appointed chair of the University of Chicago's history department and, later, John B. Duke Professor at Duke University.

He has reshaped the way African American history is understood and taught and become one of the world's most celebrated historians, garnering over 130 honorary degrees. But Franklin's participation was much more fundamental than that. From his effort in 1934 to hand President Franklin Roosevelt a petition calling for action in response to the Cordie Cheek lynching, to his 1997 appointment by President Clinton to head the President's Initiative on Race, and continuing to the present, Franklin has influenced with determination and dignity the nation's racial conscience. Whether aiding Thurgood Marshall's preparation for arguing Brown v. Board in 1954, marching to Montgomery, Alabama, in 1965, or testifying against Robert Bork's nomination to the Supreme Court in 1987, Franklin has pushed the national conversation on race towards humanity and equality, a life-long effort that earned him the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, in 1995. Intimate, at times revelatory, Mirror to America chronicles Franklin's life and this nation's racial transformation in the 20th century, and is a powerful reminder of the extent to which the problem of America remains the problem of color.

Galanter, Marc (Fellow 1998)
Law
Lowering the Bar: Lawyer Jokes and Legal Culture
University of Wisconsin Press, 2005.
What do you call 600 lawyers at the bottom of the sea? Marc Galanter calls it an opportunity to investigate the meanings of a rich and time-honored genre of American humor: lawyer jokes. Lowering the Bar analyzes hundreds of jokes from Mark Twain classics to contemporary anecdotes about Dan Quayle, Johnnie Cochran, and Kenneth Starr. Drawing on representations of law and lawyers in the mass media, political discourse, and public opinion surveys, Galanter finds that the increasing reliance on law has coexisted uneasily with anxiety about the “legalization” of society. Informative and always entertaining, his book explores the tensions between Americans’ deep-seated belief in the law and their ambivalence about lawyers.

Goldschmidt, Walter (Fellow 1965)
Anthropology
The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene
Oxford University Press, 2005.
The Bridge to Humanity: How Affect Hunger Trumps the Selfish Gene explores the relationship of biology and culture in the evolution of human behavior. Building upon several of the theoretical issues he first addressed in Man's Way, renowned anthropologist Walter Goldschmidt presents a unique look at how human culture functions through biological mechanisms that have evolved from our distant past.

Goldstein, Jan (Fellow 1999)
History
The Post-Revolutionary Self: Politics and Psyche in France, 1750-1850
Harvard University Press, 2005.
In the wake of the French Revolution, as attempts to restore political stability to France repeatedly failed, a group of concerned intellectuals identified a likely culprit: the prevalent sensationalist psychology, and especially the flimsy and fragmented self it produced. They proposed a vast, state-run pedagogical project to replace sensationalism with a new psychology that showcased an indivisible and actively willing self, or moi. As conceived and executed by Victor Cousin, this long-lived project singled out the male bourgeoisie for training in selfhood. Cousin and his disciples deemed workers and women incapable of the introspective finesse necessary to appropriate that self in practice.

Gourevitch, Peter Alexis (Fellow 2003) and James Shinn
Political Power and Corporate Control: The New Global Politics of Corporate Governance
Princeton University Press, 2005.
Why does corporate governance--front page news with the collapse of Enron, WorldCom, and Parmalat--vary so dramatically around the world? This book explains how politics shapes corporate governance--how managers, shareholders, and workers jockey for advantage in setting the rules by which companies are run, and for whom they are run. It combines a clear theoretical model on this political interaction, with statistical evidence from thirty-nine countries of Europe, Asia, Africa, and North and South America and detailed narratives of country cases.

Katzenstein, Peter J. (Fellow 1982 & 2005)
Political Science
A World of Regions: Asia and Europe in the American Imperium
Cornell University Press, 2005.
Observing the dramatic shift in world politics since the end of the Cold War, Peter J. Katzenstein argues that regions have become critical to contemporary world politics. This view is in stark contrast to those who focus on the purportedly stubborn persistence of the nation-state or the inevitable march of globalization. In detailed studies of technology and foreign investment, domestic and international security, and cultural diplomacy and popular culture, Katzenstein examines the changing regional dynamics of Europe and Asia, which are linked to the United States through Germany and Japan. Regions, Katzenstein contends, are interacting closely with an American imperium that combines territorial and non-territorial powers. Katzenstein argues that globalization and internationalization create open or porous regions. Regions may provide solutions to the contradictions between states and markets, security and insecurity, nationalism and cosmopolitanism. Embedded in the American imperium, regions are now central to world politics.

Levin, Beth (Fellow 2000) and Malka Rappaport Hovav (Fellow 2003)
Linguistics
Argument Realization
Cambridge University Press, 2005.
The relationship between verbs and their arguments is a widely debated topic in linguistics. This comprehensive survey provides an up-to-date overview of this important area of research, exploring current theories of how a verb's semantics can determine the morphosyntactic realization of its arguments. Assuming a close connection between verb meaning and syntactic structure, it provides a bridge between lexical semantic and syntactic research, synthesizing the results of work from a range of linguistic subdisciplines and in a variety of theoretical frameworks.

Marcus, George E. (Fellow 2005)
Anthropology
Ocasião: The Marquis and the Anthropologist, a Collaboration
AltaMira Press, 2005.

Anthropologist George Marcus and Fernando Mascarenhas, Marquis of Fronteira and Alorna, reveal the key relationship between anthropologist and subject through their letters and commentaries. This innovative and experimental ethnography is a reflection on the survival of the contemporary Portuguese nobility. It will appeal to scholars of anthropological methods and fieldwork, and to researchers interested in the anthropology of elites and in Portuguese culture.

Millgram, Elijah (Fellow 2000)
Philosophy
Ethics Done Right: Practical Reasoning as a Foundation for Moral Theory
Cambridge University Press, 2005.
Ethics Done Right examines how practical reasoning can be put into the service of ethical and moral theory. Elijah Millgram shows that the key to thinking about ethics is to understand more generally how to make decisions. The papers in this volume support a methodological approach and trace the connections between two kinds of theory in utilitarianism, in Kantian ethics, in virtue ethics, in Hume's moral philosophy, and in moral particularism. Unlike other studes of ethics, Ethics Done Right does not advocate a particular moral theory. Rather, it offers a tool that enables one to decide for oneself.

Nielsen, Laura Beth (Fellow 2006) and Robert L. Nelson (Fellow 1993)
Law
Handbook of Employment Discrimination Research: Rights and Realities
Springer, 2005.
There is still much to learn about fundamental aspects of employment discrimination law as a social system. What drives the growing demand for litigation? To what extent does discrimination persist in subtle but pervasive forms and what explains how it varies by organizational and market context? How do different groups of workers perceive the extent to which they are discriminated against and what, if anything, do they do about it? How have employers responded to discrimination law? How is employment discrimination law affected by broader political and legal currents? What is the relationship between anti-discrimination law and patterns of social inequality? The chapters in this unique collection grapple with many of these issues. Questions of this scope require interdisciplinary scholarship; and this volume includes original contributions from many of the legal scholars, economists, psychologists, sociologists, political scientists, and historians who are at the forefront of new research on discrimination and law. The Handbook of Employment Discrimination Research encompasses critical discussions across different social science disciplines, as well as between legal scholars and social scientists. As a collection, the chapters suggest a broad reconsideration of employment discrimination and its treatment in law.

Ober, Josiah (Fellow 2005)
Classics
Athenian Legacies: Essays on the Politics of Going on Together
Princeton University Press, 2005.
How do communities survive catastrophe? Using classical Athens as its case study, this book argues that if a democratic community is to survive over time, its people must choose to go on together. That choice often entails hardship and hard bargains. In good times, going on together presents few difficulties. But in the face of loss, disruption, and civil war, it requires tragic sacrifices and agonizing compromises. Athenian Legacies demonstrates with flair and verve how the people of one influential political community rebuilt their democratic government, rewove their social fabric, and, through thick and thin, went on together. The book's essays address amnesty, civic "education, and institutional innovation in early Athens, a city that built and lost an empire while experiencing plague, war, economic trauma, and civil conflict. As Ober vividly demonstrates, Athenians became adept at collective survival. They conjoined a cultural commitment to government by the people with new institutions that captured the social and technical knowledge of a diverse population to recover from revolution, foreign occupation, and the ravages of war. Ober provides insight into notorious instances of Athenian injustice, explaining why slaves, women, and foreign residents willingly risked their lives to support a regime in which they were systematically mistreated. He answers the question of why Socrates never left a city he said was badly governed. At a time when social scientists debate the cultural grounding necessary to foster democracy, Athenian Legacies advances new arguments about the role of diversity and the relevance of shared understanding of the past in creating democracies that flourish when the going gets rough.

Robinson, Paul (Fellow 2003)
History
Queer Wars: The New Gay Right and Its Critics.
University of Chicago Press, 2005.

From the 1969 rebellion at Stonewall to recent battles over same-sex marriage, Gay Liberation in the United States has always been closely associated with the political left. But in recent years, Gay Liberation has taken a dramatic turn toward the right. Queer WarsQueer Wars will prove to be essential reading for anyone interested in gay culture and contemporary politics. limns this new gay right, offering the first extended consideration of gay conservatism and the trenchant critics who espouse its positions. Timely and rich in suggestive propositions,

Rose-Ackerman, Susan (Fellow 2002)
Law
From Elections to Democracy: Building Accountable Government in Hungary and Poland
Cambridge University Press, 2005.

Democracy is not yet fully consolidated in Central Europe. Even in the countries that were in the first round for admission to the European Union, much remains to be done. All of these countries have constitutional, electoral democracies and market economies. However, policy makers inside the government often lack accountability to the general public and to important organized groups. This study documents the weakensses of public oversight and participation in policy making in Hungary and Poland, two of the most advanced countries in the region. It discusses five alternative routes to accountability including European Union oversight, constitutional institutions such as presidents and courts, devolution to lower-level governments, the use of neocorporat bodies, and open-ended participation rights. It urges more emphasis on the fifth option, public participation, and uses case studies to illustrate these general points.

Van der Linden, W.J. (Fellow 2003)
Education
Linear Models for Optimal Test Design
Springer, 2005.
This book begins with a reflection on the history of test design - the core activity of all educational and psychological testing. It then presents a standard language for modeling test design problems as instances of multi-objective constrained optimization. The main portion of the book discusses test design models for a large variety of problems from the daily practice of testing, and illustrates their use with the help of numerous empirical examples. The presentation includes models for the assembly of tests to an absolute or relative target for their information functions, classical test assembly, test equating problems, item matching, test splitting, simultaneous assembly of multiple tests, tests with item sets, multidimensional tests, and adaptive test assembly. Two separate chapters are devoted to the questions of how to design item banks for optimal support of programs with fixed and adaptive tests. Linear Models for Optimal Test Design, which does not require any specific mathematical background, has been written to be a helpful resource on the desk of any test specialist.

BOOKS PUBLISHED IN 2004:

Bauman, Richard (Fellow 1993)
Anthropology
A World of Others' Words: Cross-Cultural Perspectives on Intertextuality
Blackwell Pub., 2004.

Drawing on a broad range of oral performances and literary records from Iceland, Ireland, Scotland, North America, Ghana, and Fiji, linguistic anthropologist and folklorist Richard Bauman presents a series of ethnographic case studies that offer an innovative and illuminating look at intertextuality as communicative practice. Bauman uses his introduction to lay a framework for the analysis of genre, performance, and intertextuality as discursive accomplishments. He goes on to examine the ways that performers blend genres and then explores how they manage intertextual links or gaps by aligning texts in discursive practice. Finally, Bauman draws together these threads and turns his insights to a critical consideration of ethnographic practice itself, bringing into reflexive awareness the ways that ethnography positions us in a world of others' words.

Biglan, Anthony (Fellow 2001) (with Patricia A. Brennan, Sharon L. Foster, and Harold D. Holder)
Psychology
Helping Adolescents at Risk: Prevention of Multiple Problem Behaviors.
Guilford Press, 2004.
Clinicians and researchers have long recognized that adolescent delinquency, substance use, smoking, and risky sexual behavior tend to co-occur.  Until now, however, the field has lacked a thoughtful examination of why this pattern exists and the implications for research, policy, and practice.  Filling a crucial gap, this volume provides a comprehensive analysis of current knowledge on the multi problem phenomenon.  Leading interdisciplinary experts draw on clinical and public health perspectives to shed new light on the causes and consequences of adolescent behavior problems—and to examine “what works” in prevention and treatment.  Mapping out important future directions for the field, this is a state-of-the-science sourcebook and text for anyone working with or studying adolescents at risk.

Brandt, Per Aage (Fellow 2002)
Linguistics
Spaces, Domains and Meaning
2004.
Cognitive Semiotics is a new discipline dedicated to the analysis of meaning.  It combines cognitive linguistics and semantics with structural and dynamic semiotics, and seeks to elaborate a coherent framework for the study of language and thought, gesture and culture, discourse and text, art and symbolization in general.  The essays of this book develop a semiotic elaboration of the theory of mental spaces, a grounding hypothesis of semantic domains, and the methodologically necessary idea of a mental architecture corresponding to the neural organization of our brain, and compatible with the basic facts of human phenomenology.

Burbank, Jane (Fellow 2003)
History
Russian Peasants go to Court: Legal Culture in the Countryside, 1905-1917.
Indiana University Press, 2004.
Russian Peasants Go to Court brings into focus the legal practice of Russian peasants in the township courts of the Russian Empire from 1905 through 1917. Contrary to the prevailing conceptions of peasants as backward, drunken, and ignorant, and as mistrustful of the state, Jane Burbank's study of court records reveals engaged rural citizens who valued order in their communities and made use of state courts to seek justice and protect order. Through narrative studies of individual cases and statistical analysis of a large body of court records, Burbank demonstrates that Russian peasants made effective use of legal opportunities to settle disputes over economic resources, to assert personal dignity, and to address the bane of small crimes in their communities.

Comer, James P. (Fellow 1977 & 1995)
Psychiatry
Leave No Child Behind: Preparing Today's Youth for Tomorrow's World
Yale University Press, 2004.
Comer (Maggie’s American Dream), a child psychiatrist who founded the School Development Program (known for many years as the Comer Process) at the Yale Child Study Center in 1968, reiterates the wise assumption behind his decades of educational work: that "development and learning are inextricably linked." He reminds teachers and administrators that some children have experiences that hinder school readiness and eagerness to learn; schools must therefore strive to encourage emotional growth, not just better test scores. And especially for low-income students, Comer argues, higher scores aren’t enough: these students "need... skills that are gained through meaningful interactions with meaningful caretakers from birth through maturity." If educators must address problems they did not create, Comer says, they need more training in how to "read" children as individuals and thus better teach them. Comer also calls on parents to provide environments in which children feel valued. He shows how his prescribed marriage of child development and pedagogy worked in a series of pilot schools, and he warns of the great social cost of failing to better educate our students. (Studies show that educational achievement has a bearing on everything from civic participation to substance abuse). Amid the loud chorus of cries against standardized testing, Comer offers a clear and confident voice of change.

Deverell, William (ed.) (Fellow 1999)
History
A Companion to the American West.
Blackwell Pub., 2004.
A Companion to the American West is a rigorous, illuminating introduction to the history of the American West.  Twenty-five essays by expert scholars synthesize the best and most provocative work in the field.  Each essay covers a subtopic of western American history, its major concerns, and its major works to provide a comprehensive overview of themes and historiography.  The essays not only come from the perspective of the “new western history,” reflecting a resurgence in both scholarly and public interest in the region, but also reflect other schools and positions, such as ethnic studies, cultural studies, and subfields of environmental and gender history. 

Deverell, William (Fellow 1999)
History
Whitewashed Adobe: The Rise of Los Angeles and the Remaking of its Mexican Past
University of California Press, 2004.
Chronicling the rise of Los Angeles through shifting ideas of race and ethnicity, William Deverell offers a unique perspective on how the city grew and changed. Whitewashed Adobe considers six different developments in the history of the city – among them the cementing of the Los Angeles River, the outbreak of bubonic plague in 1924, and the evolution of America’s largest brickyard in the 1920s.  In an absorbing narrative illustrated by many previously unpublished period photographs, Deverell shows how a city that was once part of Mexico itself came of age through appropriating – and even obliterating – the region’s connections to Mexican places and people.

Erickson, Frederick (Fellow 1999)
Education
Talk and Social Theory: Ecologies of Speaking and Listening in Everyday Life
Polity Press, 2004.
This book is an important contribution to our understanding of everyday talk and its relation to broader social processes. Talk is unique and locally produced, crafted by particular social actors for the specific situation of its use. Yet the conduct of such talk is profoundly influenced by, and influential upon, social and cultural processes that occur beyond the temporal and spatial horizon of the occasion of the talk itself. Drawing on and criticizing social theory, Erickson explores the mutually reinforcing connections between the local conduct of talk and the general workings of society, economy, and history. The use of everyday examples enhances the book’s appeal to a non-specialist as well as a specialist audience. Chapter-length vignettes illustrating talk in diverse institutional settings are provided. These include a family dinner table, an elementary school classroom, an academic advisory session in a community college, and a clinical medical coaching session in which an intern physician reviews the case of a patient with an experienced physician. Written in a clear and comprehensible way, the book reviews the key theoretical perspectives and conceptual frameworks in social theory and in the sociolinguistic study of talk which bear on these examples. It concludes with an argument against overly determinist accounts of talk as social action, in the interest of better construction of social theory and better empirical study of talk. Talk and Social Theory will be an essential text for students of sociolinguistics and the analysis of discourse in conversation. It will also be of interest to students in sociology, anthropology, social theory, education, applied linguistics, and anyone concerned with the nature and uses of language in social interaction.

Fine, Gary Alan (Fellow 1995)
Sociology
Everyday Genius: Self-Taught Art and the Culture of Authenticity
University of Chicago Press, 2004.
From Henry Darger's elaborate paintings of young girls caught in a vicious war to the sacred art of the Reverend Howard Finster, the work of outsider artists has achieved unique status in the art world. Celebrated for their lack of traditional training and their position on the fringes of society, outsider artists nonetheless participate in a traditional network of value, status, and money. After spending years immersed in the world of self-taught artists, Gary Alan Fine presents Everyday Genius, one of the most insightful and comprehensive examinations of this network and how it confers artistic value. Fine considers the differences among folk art, outsider art, and self-taught art, explaining the economics of this distinctive art market and exploring the dimensions of its artistic production and distribution. Interviewing dealers, collectors, curators, and critics and venturing into the backwoods and inner-city homes of numerous self-taught artists, Fine describes how authenticity is central to the system in which artists--often poor, elderly, members of a minority group, or mentally ill--are seen as having an unfettered form of expression highly valued in the art world. Respected dealers, he shows, have a hand in burnishing biographies of the artists, and both dealers and collectors trade in identities as much as objects. Revealing the inner workings of an elaborate and prestigious world in which money, personalities, and values affect one another, Fine speaks eloquently to both experts and general readers, and provides rare access to a world of creative invention-both by self-taught artists and by those who profit from their work.

Freedman, Sarah Warshauer  (Fellow 2000) (with Arnetha F. Ball)
Education
Bakhtinian Perspectives on Language, Literacy, and Learning
Cambridge University Press, 2004.
This book highlights the significance of Mikhail Bakhtin's theories to modern scholarship in the field of language and literacy. Chapters are contributed by scholars who write from varied disciplinary perspectives and examine such important questions as: What resources do students bring from their home/community environments that help them become literate in school? What knowledge do teachers need in order to meet the literacy needs of varied students? How can teacher educators and professional development programs better understand teachers' needs and help them become better prepared to teach diverse literacy learners? These "other voices" help readers push the boundaries of current thinking on Bakhtinian theory and make this book a model of heteroglossia and dialogic intertextuality.

Gillispie, Charles Coulston (Fellow 1971)
History
Science and Polity in France: The End of the Old Regime
Princeton University Press, 1980.
(This book was originally published in 1980 – this is the 2004 edition which was recently donated to the Center. )
By the end of the eighteenth century, the French dominated the world of science.  And although science and politics had little to do with each other directly, there were increasingly frequent intersections.  This is a study of those transactions between science and state, knowledge and power – on the eve of the French Revolution.  Charles Gillispie explores how the links between science and polity in France were related to governmental reform, modernization of the economy, and professionalization of science and engineering. 

Gillispie, Charles Coulston (Fellow 1971)
History
Science and Polity in France: The Revolutionary and Napoleonic Years
Princeton University Press, 2004.
From the 1770s through the 1820s, the French scientific community predominated in the world to a degree that no other scientific establishment did in any period prior to the Second World War.  In his classic Science and Polity in France: The End of the Old Regime, Charles Gillispie analyzed the cultural, political, and technical factors that encouraged scientific productivity on the eve of the Revolution.  In the present monumental and elegantly written sequel to that work, he examines how the revolutionary and Napoleonic contexts contributed to modernization of both politics and science.

Jones, Lyle V. (Fellow 1965 and 1982) (with Ingram Olkin)
Psychology
The Nation's Report Card: Evolution and Perspectives
Phi Delta Kappa Educational Foundation, 2004.

Since its inception in the 1960s, the National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) has become the "gold standard" for monitoring the academic progress of America's children. In this book, an extensive collection of perspectives traces the evolution of NAEP, from Francis Keppel's testimony before Congress in 1962 and the awarding of the assessment contract to the Educational Testing Service (ETS) in 1983 to NAEP's role in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. The story of the nation's report card is told through penetrating analyses, scholarly essays, and lively interviews, many with those who were there at the start 40 years ago.

Kruglanski, Arie W. (Fellow 1999)
Psychology
The Psychology of Closed Mindedness
Psychology Press, 2004.
The fundamental phenomenon of closed mindedness is treated in this volume. Far from being restricted to a select group of individuals suffering from an improper socialization, closed mindedness is something we all experience on a daily basis. Such mundane situational conditions as time pressure, noise, fatigue, or alcoholic intoxication, for example, all known to increase the difficulty of information processing, may contribute to one's need for nonspecific closure. Whether constituting a dimension of stable individual differences, or being engendered situationally -- the need for closure, once aroused, is shown to produce the very same consequences. Though such consequences form a part of the individual's personal experience, they have significant implications for interpersonal, group, and intergroup phenomena as well. The present volume describes these in detail and grounds them in numerous research findings of theoretical and "real-world" relevance to a wide range of topics, including stereotyping, empathy, communication, in-group favoritism, and political conservatism.

Lambin, Éric (Fellow 2003)
Geography
La Terre sur un Fil
Le Pommier, France 2004.
Observez le funambule sur son fil: il adapte sans cesse ses mouvements pour conserver son équilibre. Ainsi va la Terre! Mais l'humanité, par son activité et la croissance de sa consommation, cause désormais au système terrestere des modifications d'une ampleur sans précédent. La chute du funambule est-elle inévitable? Éric Lambin met à notre portée une synthèse des données scientifiques récentes, des théries actuelles, optimistes et pessimistes, et des enseignements que l'on peut tirer du passé, avant de proposer une analyse originale du problème des changements de l'environment naturel et des solutions pour que la Terre continue à avancer sur son fil.

Lee, Jennifer (Fellow 2003)
Sociology
Asian American Youth: Culture, Identity, and Ethnicity
Routledge, 2004.

Asian American Youth is the first collection to address a wide number of important topics about Asian American youth as a distinctive group. The Asian-origin population constitutes the fastest growing racial/ethnic group in the U.S. today. As a consequence, Asian American youth are quickly growing into their own subculture and carving out their own identities in American culture. Asian American Youth covers topics such as Asian immigration, acculturation, assimilation, intermarriage, socialization, sexuality, and ethnic identification. The distinguished contributors show how Asian American youth have created an identity and space for themselves historically and in contemporary multicultural America.

Linn, Marcia (Fellow 1996 and 2002) with Elizabeth A. Davis and Philip Bell
Education
Internet Environments for Science Education
Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2004

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